New video: library social media in a post-twitter world

Earlier this year I spoke about the social media landscape for public libraries in particular, at the Edge Conference in Edinburgh. It was a great room full of interesting and passionate people, and one of those slightly intimidating setups where you’ve got no laptop in front of you, just a TED-talk style presenter screen facing you from the floor below the stage…

The talk was filmed by prettybright.co.uk (more on which below) and they kindly gave me the footage, to which I’ve added a real-time screen-record of me doing my slides.

There are two reasons I want to share this here. Firstly it gives a pretty up to date state of play on library social media (and although it is public library focused a lot of it applies to other sectors too) and encapsulates a lot of key tips and approaches I feel really passionately about. I really enjoyed the take-aways from my talk (and others) in Dr Mary-Ellen Lynn's review of the event here.

Secondly it will give people an idea of what you get if you book me for a talk, and this particular presentation is a sort of microcosm of the social media workshops I run, minus the activities. When I speak at a conference I’m actively trying to flatten the hierarchy between speaker and audience - I want it to be as much a conversation as possible. I want to focus on ideas that can lead to actions. I want people to feel included, and reassured, as well as inspired to do things differently afterwards. Anyway: if you want to me to talk at your event or run some training, get in touch!

Shownotes:

1) Prettybright really helped me out here. They’d already uploaded a version of the talk to Vimeo but it had minor formatting issues with the slides and I wanted to be able to chop the talk up into shorter chunks (e.g. for sharing a section on LinkedIn) so I asked for the original footage, without realising how much work this would entail at their end. They had to shrink down and colour-grade the original broadcast quality footage from a giant 113 gig file and I’m really grateful to Howard Elwyn-Jones and his colleague Louisa for going above and beyond to do this for me.

2) In the section about Insta I mention ‘the Paisley presentation’ as being filled with the kinds of images that would work really well on that platform: that was in reference to Stephen Slevin’s talk which you can see here

3) At the end I mention handing over to my also Yorkshire-based colleagues: those were Jen Boyle and Rachel Ingle-Teare whose brilliant talk you can view here, about Leeds Libraries

4) The other talks from Edge are all on prettybright’s Vimeo too

5) I delivered a talk in Dublin about social media from the academic library point of view - this was also filmed (albeit just via Teams for the hybrid event, rather than on high quality gear): view Rebuilding the library community here

6) While I was at Edge I also judged a library innovation competition, which I found completely inspiring - I wrote about the winning and highly-commended entries here

How many hashtags is too many hashtags?

I just ran a social media workshop in which one of the brilliant attendees posed this age old question:

“We’ve been having a huge debate about using hashtags. Are they still a thing? Should we be using them?”

— Catarina

As I answered I realised I have a pretty definitive idea about not just whether we should be using them - yes - but also how many we should be using, which varies wildly by platform. So if you do social media for your organisation or otherwise create content, and you’ve ever asked yourself how many hashtags is too many hashtags, read on!

Three disclaimers before we start:

1. Hashtags are the cherry, not the cake. The content of your post is waaaay more important than the tags - but using hashtags well WILL improve your posts’ discoverability.

2. It’s more important to use the right hashtags, than the right number of hashtags. What is going to help people discover your post? What do people who need your content search for? Hint: adding a universally used hashtag (like #love for example) simply won’t do anything positive. If everyone uses the same hashtag, your post joins an almost infinitely long queue of other posts. Aim for the sweet spot between high volume hashtags that everyone uses, and low volume hashtags that no one will ever search for. For the librarians and archivist out there: hashtags are basically metadata!

3. The info below is really just my views, as of late May 2025, built on my own experience and reading others’ research, rather than the ‘right’ answer… Use this as a jumping off point and conduct your own experiments!

How many hashtags should I use on TikTok?

Use 3-5 hashtags on TikTok. Ignore the super-cool TikTok accounts that use no hashtags at all, or the desperate accounts that use 20 hashtags like #fyp #ForYouPage and #viral. 3 to 5 hashtags on TikTok will help the algorithm push your content in relevant directions -any more and it will basically get confused… Remember, the majority of TikTok posts are seen by people who DON’T follow the accounts posting them - so use every advantage available to you to get eyes on your videos.

How many hashtags should I use on Insta?

Use 9-11 hashtags on Instagram. This one is controversial because it directly contradicts Instagram itself, which advises using 3-5 hashtags max in this useful post about how they work and what they’re for. However, there are countless examples of companies doing analysis of thousands or even millions of posts, and finding that 10 or even 20 gets better results than 5. This study looked at 38 million posts and found that 11 was the optimum number of hashtags. Too many hashtags can definitely feel spammy, so don’t go above 11 - but using several of the RIGHT hashtags really seems to pay dividends. Finally - and this is really annoying but everything I’ve read confirms it’s true - don’t use the same ones for each post. You need to mix them up a little, and avoid two posts in a row with the same tags. Gah.

How many hashtags should I use on Facebook?

Use 0 - 2 hashtags on Facebook. Hashtags are less important on FB than on TikTok or Insta, but they can help your post show up in searches. Don’t crow-bar them in, but take opportunities to use them organically in your posts.

How many hashtags should I use on Bluesky / Threads?

Use 0-2 hashtags on Bluesky, and Threads. You don’t have to use any at all, of course. The way hashtags are used on these platforms is more like a form of curation - for clicking on and finding related posts, rather than particularly for search. On Bluesky using certain hashtags will also push your post into certain custom feeds - be careful not to abuse this by over-using them!

How many hashtags should I use on YouTube?

Use 3-5 hashtags on YouTube. YouTube is interesting in that it works completely differently to all other platforms listed here: for a start, it has a seperate ‘tags’ section when you upload. Here you can put all the tags you want to help with discoverability, and they won’t be readable by other people - they just help with searching. So use this freely and fill it right up. Secondly, you can put hashtags in the description - or you can put them in the title. With YouTube shorts in particular, putting a hashtag in the title - IF it’s something people will likely be searching for - can be really beneficial. Thirdly, if you use too many hashtags in the description or title, YouTube literally ignores them completely. So don’t do lots! One or two max in the title, and a couple more in the description, should do it.

How many hashtags should I use on LinkedIn?

Use 2-5 hashtags on LinkedIn. A haphazard approach doesn’t work well here: use one or two tags which are specifically relevant to your industry and your post (and avoid the generic, overused cringey ones like #productivity…).

How many hashtags should I use on X?

It doesn’t matter. Just get off it. You’ll feel so much better.

Rebuilding the library community in a post-Twitter world

I had an amazing experience at the end of last month. I was invited to Dublin to keynote the LIR annual seminar on mine and my wife’s 20th wedding anniversary! We took the tip together, the weather was beautiful, and the conference was great. I learned so much from the other speakers, and everyone who asked questions and shared their own experiences.

It was a hybrid event, with around 100 staff from Irish academic libraries split across in-person and online. The venue was fabulous - the picture in the header of this post is of the view of the Liffey through the window of the room I was speaking in.

I was asked to talk about rebuilding our online communities now that Twitter / X has stopped being an option for so many of us. Although the committee wanted me to touch on this from a library point of view, the main focused they asked for was actually the librarian perspective - where do we, as library staff and info pros, rebuild our networks? It’s a great topic, and here are my slides (slightly amended from the event, to work better without me talking over the top).

Below is not a transcript of my talk by any means, just a few notes on the key themes.

Part 1: The State of X

It gives me no pleasure to be spending so much time hauling Twitter over the coals, because the site has been a hugely positive influence on my my life. I joined after the New Professionals Conference way back in 2012 and suddenly I became plugged in to this network of progressive, interesting library people - I absolutely relished being able to be part of that wider conversation. It gave me incredible opportunities (the original catalyst for my keynote at the LIANZA Conference in New Zealand was a tweet from the LIANZA account about how bad the fonts were on the Library Marketing Toolkit website!), helped me get jobs, introduced me to friends, and allowed me launch a freelance career.

More importantly than any of that though, Twitter was the place that enabled me to view the world through other people’s eyes. As a cis-het white male (and you can now add middle-aged to that list) it’s vital to get an insight into how other people experience life and the world and libraries and more, or you end up in a boring, uninformed bubble with potentially damaging knock-on effects for those around you. They say you get more and more right-wing as you get older, but I’ve found the exact opposite to be true (and I was pretty left-wing to begin with): my brilliant Twitter network was vital in that.

Twitter was great because we made it great, and now it’s terrible because some terrible people have come along and set up shop there. So I get the ‘why should we have to leave?’ argument. Individuals can make up their own minds but I think from an institutional point of view, being there is a real risk, reputationally. As it says in slide 9, hate speech is up, disinformation is up, transphobia is up, misogyny is up, bots are up - and actual active (human) users are down. Even beyond the ethical arguments against X, it has ceased to function effectively as a communication tool for libraries - the algorithm rewards conflict and suppresses links, and even when you do ‘good’ tweets (like the ones in slide 8) they don’t get any reach. It’s time to go. Which leads us to the question which titles the next part.

Part 2: Where next for academic libraries?

In academic libraries we have various audiences we’re trying to reach, including not limited to undergraduate students, postgrads, researchers and academics, professional services staff, members of the public, the rest of the Higher Education industry. Of those, I firmly believe Instagram has the student side really well covered, especially if you throw in TikTok too. It’s the public and the University staff we find harder to reach now X is no longer viable.

The public remains a really tricky issue, but I believe Bluesky is really beginning to fill the Twitter-vacuum for academics and researchers. It has a relatively low number of total users (around 35 million at the time of writing; updating count here) compared with the giant social networks, but despite that it is has now overtaken X as the place where most new scholarly research is shared. The academic community is moving over there in large numbers, which is really great news for us in libraries.

My argument in the talk is that having somewhere online to follow our academic community to is great, but leading them there is even better. I’ve really proactively tried to help catalyse a shift to the platform for researchers at my own institution, writing several guides to the platform aimed at University staff and creating a University of York Starter Pack for colleagues to easily connect with each other on the new platform, among other things.

Overall I’d advocate for using Bluesky specifically for researcher-facing messages at the moment (I’m not seeing evidence of large numbers of taught students on the platform) and letting Instagram take care of your student-facing comms. It’s working really well for us, and we now have a larger and more active network for the Uni of York library on Bluesky than we ever did on Twitter, after only a few months.

Part 3: Reconnecting as Information Professionals

No one is obliged to be in an online professional network, of course. There are people who are entirely off social media and benefiting from that choice. If you do want that connection with the wider profession though, with what do we replace Twitter?

The answer depends on what specifically we need from our network. Before we ask where shall we go, we need to ask what we want to DO when we get there. I asked the audience to talk to each other about the various options on slide 31, as well as adding their own…

I’ve been forced to revise my view that LinkedIn is basically awful, because actually it isn’t - the library and HE professionals part of it has been really helpful to me, especially since I left Twitter a year and a half ago. I’ve also noticed that the total views for posts on there is higher than it is on this website - numbers in the slides - so it’s a good way to disseminate and get feedback on ideas. (Here’s my LinkedIn profile if you’re interested.)

Bluesky has for me killed two (Twitter) bird with one stone - it has become a venue to rebuild my library’s academic network, and my own librarian / info pro network. As always, I’d recommend it: if you’ve not given it a go, check out some of the guidance and maybe dip your toe in.

The key thing is, you can choose whatever platform you like as long as you’re part of the conversations you want to be having. It was really so great to be part of this particular conversation in Dublin, so massive thanks again to LIR for inviting me!

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If you’re interested there’s a video of the full talk here. It’s a recording from Teams so the audio is slightly in and out and the picture is a bit grainy! But I appreciate the LIR committee making this available, thank you.

If you need a lift, look at these innovative public libraries...

The library landscape is incredibly bleak at the moment with events in the US, so I wanted to flag up a couple of brilliant examples of library innovation that might give information professionals reason to smile.

In March I presented at the Edge Public Library Conference in Edinburgh - hence the header pic of that beautiful city - on Social Media for Public Libraries in a Post-Twitter world. (The organisers asked me to do this after hearing people say nice things about a similar session I'd done in Kilkenny - if you're interested the slides from that are not identical but cover the same theme.) It was a brilliant event, very uplifting, and huge thanks to Gráinne Crawford and her team for inviting me and making me feel so welcome.

As part of the same conference they have three Innovation Awards and I was honoured but somewhat daunted to be asked to judge the Digital category. Edge 2025 had lots of nominations and I was sent the four finalists - my job was to pick the winner and the highly commended, who would be invited to the Gala Dinner to receive their awards. Here is a summary of the winning entry and first runner-up - I found reading their entries good for the soul.

Highly commended: Tickets for the Afterlife

Tickets For the Afterlife is a web-app to "…help users navigate choices related to their body, memories, and legacies after death." It's not the typical thing a library would provide, but Redbridge saw a need to help their community and learned the skills required to make it happen - and they executed it so, so well. You can read a Guardian article about it here but honestly I’d recommend experiencing it for yourself at afterlifetickets.co.uk.

I loved this whole project, and it's beautifully done - here's what I wrote to be read out at the Awards:

“I’ve been in librarianship for a long time, and I can’t remember seeing such an original idea as this. We like to think of libraries as being at the heart of community but that doesn’t happen automatically - we have to make it happen by getting our communities where they need to go. Redbridge identified a unique way to provide support to their community and beyond, in an area that is absolutely universal - dying, death and grief - and did so in such a friendly, accessible way. Tickets for the afterlife is beautifully put together, completely unique, and hugely valuable - a brilliant piece of work.”

— On Tickets For The Afterlife

Huge congrats to Anita Luby and Redbridge Libraries on a truly different, innovative service.

Winner: The Hive

Darlington Borough Council created The Hive, a digital hub with virtual reality gear, coding and robotics, 3D printing, animation, digital sewing and quite a lot more. (In fact you can get a good idea of what's on offer by checking the 'what's on' section at the bottom of the Darlington Libraries homepage).

I know that there are quite a few libraries creating maker spaces and so on, but the way Darlington have done this is fantastic - it's a beautiful space, and full of creativity. The reason I chose it as the winner is the extraordinary impact it has had - as Suzy Hill said in her award application, footfall was down, book issues were decreasing and the perception of the digital offering was that it was poor, and The Hive has completely changed that to an amazing degree. Visitors are up by so much, and so is everything else - I feel like they've changed what a library MEANS to the people of their community, and gone from struggle to real triumph.

Here's the comments I wrote which were read out at the Gala Dinner, to announce the winner:

“‘The Hive’s digital transformation has been extraordinarily successful. Sometimes the word ‘digital’ can be overused and be so general it loses all meaning, but what Darlington have done is made the digital tangible - they’ve made digital resources and activities of so many kinds available to groups who really need and appreciate them. In doing so I’m confident they redefined the idea of what a public library IS for their local community, and have converted scores of youngsters into lifelong library users. I’ve chosen them as winners partly due to the sheer impact of what they’ve done - this digital transformation has had a halo effect on all their services. Borrowing is up, digital borrowing is up, educational interactions are up, website use is up and the number of people visiting the library is way up. People come for the digital transformation, and they STAY for everything else we have to offer in libraries. Finally, it’s hard to imagine better feedback for anything, ever, than this comment from a Year 3 pupil who visited The Hive: “This is the best day of my entire life!” Congratulations to our incredible winners!’”

— On The Hive

I love this project: I found The Hive's work to be uplifting, hopeful and genuinely inspiring.

Edge2025 was brilliant - I missed some talks I really wanted to see on Day 2 as I was hot-footing it to Dublin for another talk, but I can wholeheartedly recommend the conference if you’re able to go next year.

An interview in Information Today

This is just a preview - download the PDF below to read

A couple of months or so before the current Museum and Library cuts in the US kicked in, I had the pleasure of being interviewed by my friend and former collaborator Justin Hoenke for Information Today. I enjoyed the questions and the extremely kind write-up - thank you Justin! You can download the interview here [PDF].

We talk about my job, writing a book, running training and workshops, and amazing library experiences that stay with you.